W0262
Structure Determination of Zeolitic Materials Using Neutron
and X-ray Powder Diffraction. Brian H. Toby, NIST Center for Neutron
Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD
20899-8562.
Zeolites and related microporous materials are worthy of study
because they have many important commercial applications and because they have
unusual and esthetically pleasing structures. Zeolitic materials have many
common applications: as catalysts, they are used to produce gasoline and
pharmaceuticals; as adsorbents, they are employed to separate gases for medical
and industrial applications; as ion-exchange media, they are used for
environmental remediation. In your home, they are found in household detergents
to remove the calcium ions that make water "hard" and between double-pane
windows to absorb water.
Alas, zeolitic materials can be obtained as single crystals
for only a small fraction of the compositions of interest. Further, these
materials typically have large asymmetric units and often scatter poorly,
limiting the number of reflections that can be observed by powder diffraction.
Despite this, we have had success obtaining accurate structural models for these
materials, by fitting these models to neutron powder diffraction data, in
combination with x-ray single-crystal data or x-ray powder diffraction data.
An overview of recent collaborative work will be presented. In
these studies, structural knowledge, often in combination with modeling or
spectroscopic results, have been valuable for understanding the properties these
materials exhibit.